Detail Description
Technical & Comprehensive Product Specification Overview
1. Executive Summary & Chemical Identity
Tetra-Sodium Pyrophosphate Anhydrous (also known as Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate, TSPP, or Sodium Pyrophosphate) is an inorganic diphosphate salt widely used across the food processing, water treatment, detergent, ceramic, and metal surface treatment industries.
In its anhydrous state (0〖" H" 〗_2 "O" ), TSPP offers higher active compound density, low moisture interference, and precise stoichiometric dosing compared to its decahydrate form (〖"Na" 〗_4 "P" _2 "O" _7⋅10"H" _2 "O" ). It functions effectively as a chelating/sequestering agent, buffering agent, protein modifier, emulsifier, and dispersion aid.
Core Synonyms & Chemical Nomenclature
IUPAC Name: Tetrasodium diphosphate
Common Names: Tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP anhydrous), Sodium pyrophosphate, Diphosphoric acid tetrasodium salt
CAS Registry Number: 7722-88-5
EC / EINECS Number: 231-767-1
E-Number / Food Additive Code: INS 450(iii) / E450(iii)
HS Code: 2835.39.10
2. Chemical Structure & Physical Properties
O O
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NaO - P - O - P - ONa
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ONa ONa
TSPP consists of four sodium cations (〖"Na" 〗^+) ionicly bound to a single pyrophosphate anion ("P" _2 "O" _7^(4-)). The central "P-O-P" anhydride linkage gives the molecule its strong metal-chelating ability and alkalinity in aqueous media.
Industrial, Food & Technical Applications 3.1. Food Processing & Beverage Industry Meat & Seafood Processing: Enhances water-binding capacity, prevents drip loss during cooking, and stabilizes color and texture in processed meats, poultry, and seafood.
Dairy & Ice Cream Stabilizer: Functions as an emulsifier and protein stabilizer in puddings, whipped toppings, cheese products, and ice creams by interacting with milk proteins (casein).
Soy & Plant-Based Products: Improves protein solubility, mouthfeel, and dispersion in soy-based drink products and plant protein isolates.
3.2. Detergent, Cleaning & Surface Treatment Water Softening & Builder: Chelates hardness ions like calcium (Ca 2+ ) and magnesium (Mg 2+ ) in laundry detergents, dishwashing powders, and industrial cleaners.
Dispersing Agent: Prevents dirt and mineral redeposition on surfaces during washing cycles by keeping particulate matter suspended.
3.3. Ceramics, Dental & Technical Uses Oral Care (Toothpaste Formulations): Acts as a tartar-control agent in toothpaste by binding to calcium and magnesium ions in saliva to prevent plaque mineralization.
Ceramic Deflocculant: Reduces viscosity in clay slurries and ceramic slips, facilitating smooth casting and molding operations.
Metal Processing: Serves as a sequestering agent in electroplating, rust removal formulations, and metal surface prep solutions.
Handling, Storage & Safety Guidelines Handling & Storage Recommendations Storage Environment: Store in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
Hygroscopic Caution: Anhydrous TSPP readily absorbs atmospheric moisture over time, which may cause caking or gradual conversion into hydrated forms.
Incompatibilities: Keep away from strong acids and moisture. Reaction with acids yields orthophosphates and generates heat.
Occupational Safety & Hazard Information GHS Classification: Eye Irritant (Category 2A / Category 1 depending on concentration/dust grade), Acute Toxicity - Oral (Category 4).
Eye & Skin Contact: Causes moderate to serious eye irritation and mild skin irritation. Flush thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes upon contact.
Inhalation: Dust can cause irritation to the upper respiratory tract. Use proper dust extraction and wear protective masks (N95/FFP2) and safety goggles when handling bulk powder.
Typical Certificate of Analysis (CoA) Limits
Assay (Na 4 P 2 O 7 ): 95.0%−99.0%
P 2 O 5 Content: 52.5%−54.0%
Fluoride (F): ≤10 ppm
Heavy Metals (as Pb): ≤10 ppm
Arsenic (As): ≤3 ppm
Water Insoluble Matter: ≤0.2%
